Ureaplasma: Symptoms, Testing, and Treatment in Singapore

Authored By: Dr. Leonard Leng
Last updated: Jul 17, 2025

Ureaplasma refers to a group of bacteria that naturally live in the urinary and genital tracts of both men and women, but can sometimes cause infections when they overgrow or enter areas of the body where they are not typically found.

These bacteria are part of the Mycoplasmataceae family and differ from typical bacteria because they lack a cell wall, which makes them resistant to certain antibiotics.

There are two main species known to affect humans: Ureaplasma urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum. Many people carry these bacteria without symptoms, but in some cases, ureaplasma can contribute to reproductive, urinary, or genital tract issues.

Ureaplasma is primarily transmitted through sexual contact, including vaginal, oral, or anal intercourse. Because the bacteria often cause no symptoms, individuals may unknowingly pass them to sexual partners.

Although ureaplasma is not officially classified as a sexually transmitted infection (STI), it is closely linked to sexual activity and frequently found alongside other STIs. Transmission can also occur from mother to baby during childbirth.

Ureaplasma infection is often asymptomatic but can cause a range of symptoms when the bacteria multiply excessively or are present with other infections.

When symptoms do occur, they may include:

• Unusual vaginal or penile discharge
• Pain or burning during urination (dysuria)
• Genital discomfort or itching
• Pain during sexual intercourse (dyspareunia)
• Pelvic or lower abdominal pain

If left untreated, ureaplasma can occasionally lead to complications, particularly in individuals with existing risk factors. These may include:

• Bacterial vaginosis, cervicitis, or endometritis in women.
• Chronic nongonococcal urethritis or prostatitis in men.
• Fertility-related issues, such as reduced sperm motility or difficulty conceiving.
• Pregnancy complications, including premature birth, chorioamnionitis, or neonatal infections.

The presence of ureaplasma does not always indicate a problem, but if linked to symptoms or complications, it’s important to seek medical advice.

Ureaplasma is usually diagnosed using a swab from the cervix, urethra, or vagina, or a urine sample, as the bacteria live in the genital and urinary tracts.

These samples are tested using specialised laboratory methods, as ureaplasma cannot be detected through standard bacterial cultures due to its lack of a cell wall and other unique characteristics.

Common diagnostic methods include:

• PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) Testing – A molecular test to identify the bacteria’s genetic material (DNA). It is the most sensitive and widely used method.
• Culture Tests – Use the collected sample to grow Ureaplasma in the laboratory and confirm its presence.
• Combined STI Tests (Multiplex Panels) – Broader tests that screen for multiple sexually transmitted infections, including Ureaplasma.

Treatment for ureaplasma typically involves antibiotics and is recommended when symptoms are present, or if the infection is recurrent, or associated with fertility issues, pregnancy complications, or other coexisting conditions.

Common antibiotics used include:

• Doxycycline
• Azithromycin
• Erythromycin

In some cases, follow-up testing may be advised after treatment to confirm that the infection has fully cleared.

At ATA Medical, we provide discreet and confidential testing for ureaplasma infections, along with treatment when indicated. Our prices are as follows:

We offer confidential testing and treatment for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), available as standalone tests or part of comprehensive screening packages. To support your comfort and preferences, both male and female doctors are available upon request.

For details about available tests, treatment options, or to book an appointment, please contact us directly.

Although ureaplasma is commonly found in the genital and urinary tracts of healthy individuals, several measures can help reduce the risk of symptomatic infection or transmission:

• Use condoms correctly and consistently during sexual activity.
• Undergo regular sexual health screening if sexually active.
• Seek prompt treatment for symptoms or coexisting infections.
• Communicate openly with partners about sexual health.

In cases involving planned pregnancy or fertility assessments, both partners may be advised to undergo screening and treatment if ureaplasma is detected.

You should see a doctor if you experience symptoms that are persistent, recurrent, or causing discomfort, such as:

• You have pain or burning during urination.
• You notice unusual vaginal or penile discharge.
• You experience pelvic pain or genital discomfort.
• You are concerned about possible exposure or a recent sexual encounter.
• Your symptoms do not improve or continue to return.