Bone Density Test Singapore

Dr. Leonard Leng of ATA Medical Singapore.

Authored By: Dr. Leonard Leng.
Last updated: Jan 6, 2025.

What Is a Bone Density Test?

A bone mineral density test, or bone mineral densitometry, is a quick and non-invasive method used to measure the mineral content and strength of your bones. It is used to:

Assess osteoporosis risk in individuals of various ages (not just older adults) to enable proactive prevention and treatment, particularly in areas prone to fractures.
Monitor bone health over time or track the effectiveness of treatments and lifestyle changes, especially if you have been diagnosed with osteopenia or osteoporosis.

$Bone density test machine used to measure the mineral content and strength of bones, assess osteoporosis risk, prevent fractures, and monitor bone health.$

What Is Bone Mineral Density?

Bone mineral density refers to the concentration of minerals, such as calcium and phosphorus, within a specific area of bone. It is an indicator of bone strength and structural integrity, revealing how resilient a bone is to fractures. Higher bone mass density suggests that bones are stronger and less likely to break, while lower density can indicate weaker bones.

Who Should Consider a Bone Density Test?

In Singapore, bone mineral density testing is generally recommended for individuals with risk factors which can include:

Aged over 50: Bone density naturally declines with age, increasing the risk of osteoporosis.
Women who have undergone menopause or an oophorectomy (surgical removal of ovaries): Reduced oestrogen levels after menopause or oophorectomy can accelerate bone loss.
Family history of osteoporosis: Genetics play a significant role in bone health, making those with a family history more susceptible.
Previous bone fractures: Past fractures can indicate weakened bones and a higher risk of future fractures.
Lower body weight or lighter bones: Individuals with lower body weight or a small frame may have less bone mass, heightening osteoporosis risk.
Previous height loss: Height loss may signal vertebral fractures or bone deterioration, which can indicate osteoporosis.
Deficiency in bone-building nutrients: Nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, vitamin D, and vitamin K are essential for maintaining strong bones, and deficiencies can lead to bone loss.
Sedentary lifestyle or low physical activity: Regular exercise, particularly weight-bearing activities, is important for preventing bone loss.

Singaporean woman going for a bone density scan to assess osteoporosis risk due to being over 50 years old and having undergone menopause.

How Is a Bone Density Test Done?

A bone mineral density test involves lying on a padded table while a scanner passes over your body, providing precise and accurate measurements of bone density, particularly in areas most susceptible to fractures, such as the spine, hip, and sometimes the forearm. It is a straightforward procedure that typically takes 10-30 minutes. The scan utilises Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA), which emits minimal amounts of ionising radiation, making it a commonly used option for routine testing and monitoring of bone health.

Interpreting Bone Density Test Results

Your test results will typically be present in the form of a T-score and Z-score:

T-Score

The T-score compares your bone density to that of a healthy 30-year-old adult, which is denoted by 0. Scores above -1 are considered normal, scores between -1 and -2.5 indicate low bone mass (osteopenia), and scores below -2.5 may indicate osteoporosis.

Z-Score

The Z-score compares your bone density to that of others of the same age, gender, and body size, making it particularly useful for assessing bone health in younger individuals.

Bone Density Test Preparation

To prepare for a bone mineral density test, you should:

Avoid calcium supplements 24 hours before the test, as excess calcium in the blood may increase bone density readings temporarily.
Wear loose clothing without metal zippers, belts, or buttons as metal can interfere with scan readings, potentially affecting the accuracy and results of the test.
Inform your doctor of any recent imaging tests, such as a barium exam or CT scan with contrast dye, as these can lead to less accurate bone density measurements.

Bone Density Test Cost in Singapore

At ATA Medical, we offer a range of DEXA scans and bone health-related tests, with the following prices:

Test	Price*
Consultation	From $38.15
Teleconsultation (for reviewing of results)	From $27.25
Bone Mineral Densitometry
Bone Mineral Density Test - DEXA Bone Densitometry (Hip & Spine)	$130.80
DEXA Body Composition
DEXA Body Composition with Visceral Adipose Tissue (VAT)	$308.47
Others
Ultrasound Heel (Bone Mass Density)	$43.60
Vitamin D Deficiency Screen	$130.80
Deficiency Screen (Folate, Vitamin B12, Vitamin D, Iron, Total Iron Binding Capacity, % Iron Saturation, Ferritin)	$161.32
Total Testosterone	$38.15
Free Testosterone	$147.15
Men & Women Wellness (Full Body Screening) Note: Fasting of 8 hours is required for your blood test	From $152

*Prices are NETT and inclusive of GST.

For a more comprehensive review of your health, you can consider our health screening packages which can include Bone Densitometry and/or Ultrasound Heel (Bone Mass Density) tests.

Where to Do a Bone Density Test in Singapore?

Please note that our DEXA Bone Densitometry (Hip & Spine) and DEXA Body Composition with Visceral Adipose Tissue (VAT) scans are performed at our partner radiology clinic in Novena.

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ATA Medical (Anson House)

Nearest MRT: EW15 Tanjong Pagar

ATA Medical (Camden Medical Centre)

Nearest MRT: TE13 Orchard Boulevard

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

A DEXA Bone Density Test measures bone mineral density to assess bone strength and detect osteoporosis, focusing on areas like the hip and spine. In contrast, a DEXA Body Composition scan analyzes overall body composition, including body fat, muscle mass, and bone mass, with details on visceral adipose tissue (VAT). While both use the same technology, the Bone Density Test targets bone health, whereas the Body Composition Test provides a broader analysis and cannot assess osteoporosis risk.

At ATA Medical, we offer the DEXA Bone Density Test (Hip & Spine) for $130.80 and the Ultrasound Heel (Bone Mass Density) test for $43.60. All prices are NETT and inclusive of GST.

On average, a bone density scan (specifically a DEXA scan) costs around $100 to $200 in Singapore. At ATA Medical, a DEXA Bone Density Scan (Hip & Spine) costs $130.80, while an Ultrasound Heel Bone Mass Density scan costs $43.60. All prices are NETT and inclusive of GST.

Yes, some polyclinics in Singapore can refer you for a bone density test, typically to a hospital or specialist centre where the scan will be conducted. At ATA Medical, we provide a DEXA Bone Density Test (Hip & Spine) for $130.80 and Ultrasound Heel (Bone Mass Density) test for $43.60. All prices are NETT and inclusive of GST.

Yes, you can ask your GP for a bone density test. At ATA Medical, a DEXA Bone Density Test (Hip & Spine) is available for $130.80, and an Ultrasound Heel Bone Mass Density scan is available for $43.60. All prices are NETT and inclusive of GST.

A bone density scan is recommended if you have risk factors such as being over 50, having gone through menopause, a family history of osteoporosis, or a history of previous fractures. It helps assess bone health and determine if preventive or treatment measures are needed.

No, a bone density test is a painless and non-invasive procedure. You simply lie on a padded table while a scanner passes over the relevant areas.

Bone density scans, especially DEXA scans, involve minimal radiation exposure and are generally safe and widely used for testing and monitoring bone health. Side effects are rare and typically limited to minor discomfort from lying still during the procedure.

Yes, bone density scans are especially valuable for individuals at risk of osteoporosis or fractures. They provide vital information on bone health that can guide treatment decisions and preventive measures.

In Singapore, bone density scans are generally recommended for individuals aged 50 and above. For those with risk factors, such as women who have gone through menopause, individuals with a family history of osteoporosis, or those with a history of fractures, earlier testing may be advisable. It is recommended to consult a doctor for personalised guidance.

Bone mass density may generally be improved by incorporating weight-bearing and resistance exercises and maintaining a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D. However, it is best to consult a doctor or fitness specialist for further personalised guidance.

Individuals with risk factors for osteoporosis, such as older age, menopause, family history of osteoporosis, or previous fractures, are typically recommended for a bone density scan. It is best to consult with your doctor to assess your specific risk profile and determine if the test is suitable for you.

A bone density test measures bone mineral density to assess bone strength. A bone scan, however, is a nuclear imaging test used to detect abnormalities in the bones, such as fractures, infections, or cancer.

No, fasting is not required for a bone density test. You may eat and drink as usual before the procedure. However, avoid calcium supplements for 24 hours before the test, wear loose clothing without metal, and inform your doctor if you have recently undergone an imaging test, such as a barium exam or CT scan with contrast dye.

Milk and fortified dairy products are beneficial for bone density as they provide calcium and vitamin D. Other options include fortified plant-based milk, green tea, and orange juice fortified with calcium and vitamin D.

At ATA Medical, we offer the DEXA Bone Density Test (Hip & Spine) at $130.80 and the Ultrasound Heel (Bone Mass Density) test at $43.60. All prices are NETT and inclusive of GST.

Engaging in weight-bearing and resistance exercises, maintaining a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, avoiding smoking, and limiting alcohol intake can all help increase bone mass density. Supplements may also be advised if dietary intake is insufficient. It is best to consult a doctor or fitness specialist for personalised guidance.

No, bone mass refers to the total amount of bone tissue in the body, while bone density measures the concentration of minerals within a specific bone area, indicating bone strength and quality.

A bone mass density chart usually includes two key scores: the T-score and the Z-score. The T-score compares an individual's bone density to that of a young, healthy adult, while the Z-score compares it to others of the same age. A T-score above -1 is considered normal, between -1 and -2.5 indicates low bone mass (osteopenia), and below -2.5 suggests osteoporosis.