Dust Mite Allergy: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Dust mites are microscopic arachnids that thrive in warm, humid environments and feed on dead skin flakes shed by humans and animals. Common species include Dermatophagoides farinae (American house dust mite), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (European house dust mite), and Blomia tropicalis (tropical house dust mite).

Found in bedding, upholstered furniture, carpets, and curtains, dust mites are invisible to the naked eye. Although harmless themselves, they produce allergens, which are proteins found in their waste products, secretions, and body fragments, that can trigger allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.

Certain environmental and lifestyle factors can contribute to higher dust mite exposure:

• High Indoor Humidity: Dust mites thrive in environments with humidity levels exceeding 50%.
• Lack of Ventilation: Poor airflow traps dust and allergens indoors.
• Dust-Retaining Items: Upholstered furniture, thick carpets, and stuffed toys provide ideal habitats for dust mites.
• Genetic Predisposition: Individuals with a family history of asthma may be more likely to develop sensitivities to dust mites. This is also commonly associated with conditions such as eczema or other allergies.

Dust mite allergy is typically diagnosed using the following tests:

1. Skin Prick Test: A small amount of dust mite allergen is introduced to the skin using a tiny needle. If a raised, red bump develops, it indicates an allergic reaction.
2. Blood Test: This test measures the levels of specific antibodies (IgE) in your blood that are produced in response to dust mite allergens.

Although dust mite allergies cannot be cured, targeted treatments can significantly reduce symptoms by addressing the underlying immune response and alleviating discomfort:

1. Medications

• Antihistamines: Block histamine release, reducing sneezing, runny nose, and itching.
• Nasal Corticosteroids: Reduce inflammation in the nasal passages, easing congestion and discomfort
• Decongestants: Provide temporary relief from nasal blockages by reducing swelling in nasal tissues.
• Leukotriene Modifiers: Block leukotrienes in the body, which contribute to inflammation and symptoms related to allergies and asthma, such as nasal congestion and breathing difficulties.

2. Immunotherapy

Allergy shots or sublingual tablets progressively desensitise the immune system to dust mite allergens, reducing the severity of reactions over time. This long-term solution is particularly beneficial for severe or persistent allergies.

If you experience persistent allergy symptoms that interfere with daily life or suspect a dust mite allergy, consult your doctor for a comprehensive evaluation and treatment. Severe symptoms, particularly asthma-related issues, require prompt medical attention.

At ATA Medical, we provide skin prick and blood tests for dust mite allergies, as well as other allergens, including food allergens. Our pricing is as follows:

Test	Price*
Consultation	From $38.15
Skin Prick Tests
Dermatophagoides Farina / American House Dust Mite	$54.50
Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus / Europe House Dust Mite	$54.50
Blomia Tropicalis / House Dust Mite	$54.50
12 Allergen Skin Allergy Package (12 Allergens) Dermatophagoides Farina, Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus, Blomia Tropicalis, Cat Dander, Dog Dander, Cow’s Milk, Whole Egg, German Cockroach, Alternaria Alternata, Aspergillus Fumigatus, Bermuda Grass, Timothy Grass	$490.50
Blood Tests
Single Allergen	From $67.58
59 Allergens Panel Comprehensive Blood Test	$739.02
Home Blood Test Service	Additional $54.50

*Prices are NETT and inclusive of GST.

Minimising exposure to dust mites is key to managing allergy symptoms. Practical steps can include:

1. Control Humidity: Maintain indoor humidity levels below 50% such as using a dehumidifier, creating an environment less suitable for dust mites.
2. Wash Bedding Frequently: Wash sheets, pillowcases, and blankets in hot water regularly to eliminate dust mites and their allergens.
3. Use Allergen-Proof Covers: Encase mattresses, pillows, and duvets in dust mite-proof covers to act as a barrier against allergens.
4. Vacuum Regularly: Use a vacuum cleaner with a HEPA filter to remove allergens from carpets, rugs, and upholstery effectively.
5. Opt for Dust-Resisting Items & Surfaces: Limit items like stuffed toys and heavy fabrics, and opt for hard flooring, such as wood or tile, to reduce dust mite habitats.

Dust mite allergy can significantly impact your daily life, but with proper understanding and proactive management, its effects can be minimised. Through targeted testing and treatments, and practical prevention strategies, you can reduce exposure to dust mites and better manage symptoms. If you suspect a dust mite allergy, schedule an appointment with our doctors today and take the first step toward a healthier, allergy-free life.

At ATA Medical, we strive to make a meaningful impact on every patient's health. With over 120,000 patients served, we are dedicated to fostering trust and enhancing well-being across our community.